Physiology of continence

Continence and micturition involve a balance between urethral closure and detrusor muscle activity. Urethral pressure normally exceeds bladder pressure, resulting in urine remaining in the bladder. The proximal urethra and bladder are both within the pelvis. Intraabdominal pressure increases (from coughing and sneezing) are transmitted to both urethra and bladder equally, leaving the pressure differential unchanged, resulting in continence. Normal voiding is the result of changes in both of these pressure factors:urethral pressure falls and bladder pressure rises.

Excess consumption of alcohol, which acts like a diuretic.
Drinking lots of fluid in a short time period also results in excess urine production.
Caffeine or cola beverages also act like diuretics and stimulate the bladder.
Medications which control blood pressure, sedative or decongestant.
Enlarged prostate is the most common case of incontinence in men after the age of 40; sometimes prostate cancer may also be associated with urinary incontinence. Moreover drugs or radiation used to treat prostate cancer can also cause incontinence.
Kidney stones can cause urinary urgency and loss of bladder control.
Brain disorders like multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, strokes and spinal cord injury can all interfere with nerve function of the bladder.

Pathogenesis(Causes of BPH)

From the  Chinese medicine theory, the pathogenesis of BPH is associated with qi transformation of the triple burner, impaired diffusion and downbearing of the lung, unable to govern regulation of the waterways, the splenic transformation failure and unable to upbear the clear and downbear the turbid, damp-heat pouring down into the bladder, kidney vacuity and yang debilitation, qi transformation disturbance of lower burner, so the BPH is caused by the disturbance of qi transformation in the lung, spleen and kidney (triple burner).

Virtually unknown Female "prostate" Disease

There are tissues located above the the back of female urethra, it is called female "prostate" in medicine. About 92% women have the tissue, and 25% of them have the real prostate structure. Since the female tissue is similar to prostate, it can also be infected hyperplasia  or congested urethra. The female "prostate" disease is caused by the obstruction in the neck of female bladder, the symptoms are just like the male BPH. So it is defined female "prostate" obstruction, which mainly appears to middle aged women, especially the old women. The symptoms are similar to male prostate diseases such as dysuria, slow urinary stream, dribbling wet and even acute urinary retention. The obstruction of bladder neck may bring urethra infection and the symptoms of urinary urgency, frequent urination, painful urination,hematuria and etc.

Hematuria (Blood in Semen)

Many BPH patients will suddenly apprear blood in urine and coagulated blood. As we know, the blood vessels in the hyperplastic prostate may be increased and become the hyperplastic tissue protruding toward the urethra tract,  which will often be seriously washed by the urine.Since the BPH patients cann't urinate freely, abundant blood vessel in the hyperplastic prostate will be broken and bring hematuria once they urinate with great force or sudden local pressure reduction after urination.Besides, the urethra pressure caused by BPH also results in other inflammation of urinary system such as urethritis, cystitis, bladder stones and bladder diverticulum and etc.,and these diseases also bring hematuria. So BPH is the root of blood in semen,the best treatment for blood in semen is the complete cure of the BPH.

Inaddition, hematuria is also the common symptom of the BPH. The broken capillary tube of the  prostate caused by the bladder constriction and the remnant urine are the substrate for the bacteria reproduction, which result in the urethrai nfection.